Understanding Skull Base Tumours: A Patient's Guide
Tumours at the base of the skull are rare, complex and often diagnosed late. This guide explains the symptoms, the approach to surgery, and what to expect from recovery.
Dr Smit Doshi
Head & Neck Onco Surgeon
The skull base is a complex bony platform that supports the brain and contains the openings for almost every cranial nerve. Tumours here are anatomically intimidating — but modern endoscopic and combined approaches have made many of them treatable with far less morbidity than a decade ago.
Symptoms that should raise suspicion
- Persistent one-sided nasal blockage or bleeding
- Loss of smell
- Double vision or bulging of one eye
- Facial numbness or weakness
- Persistent unilateral headaches
- Hearing loss or ringing in one ear
- A mass behind the jaw or upper neck
The diagnostic workup
Diagnosis involves nasal endoscopy with biopsy, MRI of the skull base and brain, CT for bony detail and PET-CT for staging. Cranial nerve and vision tests are essential before any surgical plan is made.
The treatment options
Most modern skull base tumours can be removed endoscopically through the nostrils, leaving no external scar. Some require a combined approach with a neurosurgeon. Reconstruction with a vascularised flap from inside the nose protects the brain and seals cerebrospinal fluid leaks.
Recovery — what is realistic
Most patients spend 1–3 days in the ICU and 7–14 days in hospital, depending on the approach. Vision, smell and cranial nerve function recover over weeks to months. Adjuvant radiation may be needed for malignant tumours.
Medical disclaimer: This article is for awareness only and does not constitute medical advice. Please consult a qualified head and neck surgeon for advice tailored to your situation.
